Solutions / Battery & Flexible Assets

Active market management for energy storage

We don't tie your battery to a single market. We assess every revenue stream, from arbitrage to frequency control, hour by hour, and dispatch capacity to wherever it creates the most value.

Co-located storage

Solar-plus-storage is not a solar plant with a battery bolted on. It is two businesses in one.

On one side is a generation asset with long-term, predictable revenue. On the other is a flexibility asset that has to be re-optimised every hour. Running both well means bringing forecasting, trading and battery operations onto a single desk.

Frekans's role

Determining where each MWh of storage capacity is worth most in any given hour, and dispatching the battery accordingly.

Revenue stack

One battery, multiple revenue streams

01
Energy arbitrage We charge when prices are low and discharge into the evening peak. Decisions are based not on the headline spread but on the net value left after round-trip losses, degradation and charging costs.
02
Secondary Frequency Control (SFC) We connect the battery to TEİAŞ's automatic generation control signal to earn hourly capacity revenue, managing every step from prequalification testing to daily bidding.
03
Primary Frequency Control (PFC) We assess primary frequency control participation for steadier capacity revenue and set the right allocation alongside SFC and arbitrage.
04
Capturing clipped energy In solar-plus-storage, midday output above the grid connection limit is normally lost. We route it into the battery, charging at near-zero cost, and sell it in the most valuable hour.
05
Imbalance management We close intraday forecast deviations through intraday trading and the battery, reducing imbalance costs.
06
Green certificates We turn the environmental value of generation into additional revenue through YEK-G and I-REC certificates.
Daily optimisation

Every morning, the desk faces the same question:

"What is the most valuable use of the battery today?"

The answer changes from day to day, and often from hour to hour.

Questions we weigh together
01 Is the SFC capacity price higher today, or the evening spread?
02 Should solar output be sold directly or routed into the battery?
03 Which hour creates the most value to shift energy into?
04 Has a new intraday opportunity or forecast deviation emerged?
05 Does this cycle stay within the battery's warranty limits?

A battery can't capture every revenue stream in the same hour, so we choose the most valuable use for each one.

Whatever the configuration, we manage generation and storage as a single asset.

Solar-plus-storage

We plan generation forecasts, the YEKDEM or merchant decision and battery operations together, shifting output into the highest-priced hours.

Standalone storage (BESS)

For grid-connected standalone storage, we manage arbitrage, frequency control and market participation under one strategy.

Real-time optimisation

Turning flexibility into market value.

Inputs Decisions
Market prices
Generation and price forecasts
State of charge (SoC)
SFC and PFC capacity prices
Warranty and cycle limits
Opportunity cost
Charge
Hold
Discharge
Frequency control allocation

Prices climb into the evening peak and the cycle stays within warranty limits. Decision: Discharge

Battery health

We don't trade away the battery's lifetime for short-term revenue.

Manufacturer warranties depend on annual cycle limits and capacity conditions. A trading strategy that ignores them puts both the warranty and the asset's long-term value at risk. We optimise trading strategy and warranty management together.

01 Cycle and warranty management Every trading decision is assessed against warranty terms and annual cycle limits.
02 Pricing in degradation We treat the wear each cycle causes as a cost, and only run the battery when the opportunity outweighs it.
03 Long-term planning We build capacity fade and future augmentation into the revenue plan from day one.
Commercial models

Three risk choices for battery revenue

Storage revenue can change year to year with market conditions. We structure different commercial models depending on how much of that variability the investor wants to carry.

01 Optimisation service

Frekans operates the battery across all revenue layers and the revenue belongs to the investor. The fee is fixed, revenue-sharing or a combination of both.

Best suited for Investors who want to keep all market upside and can carry revenue volatility.
02 Optimisation with a revenue floor

The investor is guaranteed a minimum revenue for a set period; revenue above that level is shared at agreed rates.

Best suited for Projects that must show lenders minimum revenue visibility while keeping part of the upside.
03 Tolling

The battery’s capacity is made available to Frekans for a fixed periodic fee; market risk and return stay with Frekans. Cycling and availability terms are defined in the contract.

Best suited for Investors who want to fix most of their revenue and simplify the financing structure.
Battery performance

Indicators specific to storage

A battery’s performance is not measured by total revenue alone. We report which layer the revenue came from and how much the battery was used to earn it.

Revenue per MW TL/MW

Period revenue over installed power, split by arbitrage, SFC, PFC and other layers.

Revenue per cycle TL/cycle

Net revenue from each full cycle, compared with degradation cost.

Round-trip efficiency %

Energy discharged over energy charged, including transformer and auxiliary losses.

Cycle usage cycles / year

Cycles used as a share of the annual warranty limit.

Availability %

Share of time the battery is ready to trade and provide ancillary services.

State of health (SoH) %

Current usable capacity over initial capacity, and its annual change.

From investment to COD

Battery optimisation doesn't start at COD. It starts with the investment decision.

In storage projects, much of the return lies not in the equipment but in the right sizing, the right contract structure and the quality of operations. That is why we work alongside investors from the project stage onwards.

01 Sizing and technical design We assess power and energy capacity (MW/MWh), storage duration and connection design against the target revenue model.
02 Revenue model We prepare revenue projections built on realistic assumptions that can support financing.
03 Contract structure We help structure EPC, battery supply, long-term service, O&M and energy management agreements so they work together.
04 Incentives and timeline We track the critical steps with investors, from the investment incentive certificate to grid connection and commissioning.
05 TEİAŞ and ancillary services readiness We manage frequency control prequalification testing and the set-up of telemetry and data flows.
06 EPİAŞ registration and settlement We get market registration, balancing responsible group structure and settlement processes ready from day one.
Frequently asked questions

About batteries and flexible assets

The same capacity cannot serve two services in the same hour. Capacity can be split, with part allocated to frequency control and the rest to arbitrage, or services can switch between hours. We set the allocation daily based on expected value.
One- and two-hour systems suit frequency control and short price spreads; longer systems suit daily arbitrage and shifting midday solar into the evening. The right duration follows the target revenue layers.
We make trading decisions together with warranty terms so it does not. Annual cycle limits, state-of-charge ranges and temperature conditions are set as optimisation constraints.
We run hourly simulations on historical market prices, ancillary service prices and different price scenarios, including the battery’s technical constraints, degradation and augmentation needs.
Yes. Connection capacity, metering and existing sales contracts are reassessed, and the battery’s potential to capture clipped output and shift it into the evening is calculated separately.

Let's make the right call for every hour of your battery.

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